Example
What does it look like in practice?
The certificate shows a mortgage and a later entered deletion. The buyer should not settle for "the mortgage is old", but check that the deletion refers to the same deed, lender and exact property.
With right of use, the question is not the amount of debt, but who can use the property after the transaction.
What is it commonly confused with?
"No encumbrances" does not automatically mean "free of any legal risk," and "encumbered" does not necessarily mean that a deal is impossible. Some of the risks come from ownership, representation, unrecorded facts or incomplete tracked history.
A search result should not become a definitive conclusion without checking the scope and documents behind it.
Why does it matter?
For the buyer, the specific burden may affect free acquisition, financing, possession and future sale. Some entries require deletion prior to payment, others require contractual organization or rejection of the transaction at the discretion of the professional.
When you know the exact type of burden, you can ask the right question in time, instead of everything coming down to the general "is the property clean".
What to ask
What should you check next?
Ask for an up-to-date certificate with an appropriate period and property scope, but also provide the acts of an independent lawyer. For each entry, record the type, number, date, parties, amount or right, exact property and presence of subsequent deletion or marking.
Coordinate release of encumbrance with payment and notarial transfer when applicable.